International Interdisciplinary Journal of Scholarly Research (IIJSR)
ISSN 2412-303X
Contents |
January 2018
Volume 4, Issue 1 |
Title: Employment Status Association with Quality of Sleep among Married Women Of Defense Housing Authority, Karachi
Abstract: On an average 7 hours of sleep per night is required for the better health of an individual. Married women are having the responsibility of their children and if they are working at the same time then their duration of sleep is being affected. There is an increased risk to acquire health disorders, due to inadequate level of sleep. A cross-sectional study was conducted among the area of defense housing authority in Karachi. The aim was to assess the quality of sleep among married women to determine their sleep quality and to assess whether employment status affects their sleep quality with different variables as number and age of children. The data was collected using “Pittsburg sleep quality index”. The sample size for the study was n=400, with n=200 for married employed and n=200 for married unemployed. The analysis has shown that the mean global score of 4.9±2.89 for good sleepers, while the score of 7.03±2.79 has been revealed for the power sleepers. Chi-square test was applied to determine association and independent sample t-test were applied to determine the difference in mean values. Increased working hours per week was associated with poor sleep quality among employed, however, a number of children affects sleep employed significantly as compared to unemployed. Sleep quality of married employed was found to be poor as compared to married unemployed. The study provides the recommendation, which the women need to focus on the sleep hours through the adoption of the sleep-hour plan. They may take a nap, while they come back from work and develop a timeline for healthy sleep hours. Work life balance is essential, for the women; else, the risk factors may posit a heck of challenges for these women. The women need to maintain a hygiene plan, with the reduction of caffeine intakes, so that they may get healthy sleep. These women are recommended to create a peaceful and restful environment at home, at the time of night so that they may relax themselves, and regulate their sleep hours, with the minimal sleep levels they get.
Author/s: Ms Misbah Amin & Syed Adnan Ali
Pages: 01-08
Abstract: On an average 7 hours of sleep per night is required for the better health of an individual. Married women are having the responsibility of their children and if they are working at the same time then their duration of sleep is being affected. There is an increased risk to acquire health disorders, due to inadequate level of sleep. A cross-sectional study was conducted among the area of defense housing authority in Karachi. The aim was to assess the quality of sleep among married women to determine their sleep quality and to assess whether employment status affects their sleep quality with different variables as number and age of children. The data was collected using “Pittsburg sleep quality index”. The sample size for the study was n=400, with n=200 for married employed and n=200 for married unemployed. The analysis has shown that the mean global score of 4.9±2.89 for good sleepers, while the score of 7.03±2.79 has been revealed for the power sleepers. Chi-square test was applied to determine association and independent sample t-test were applied to determine the difference in mean values. Increased working hours per week was associated with poor sleep quality among employed, however, a number of children affects sleep employed significantly as compared to unemployed. Sleep quality of married employed was found to be poor as compared to married unemployed. The study provides the recommendation, which the women need to focus on the sleep hours through the adoption of the sleep-hour plan. They may take a nap, while they come back from work and develop a timeline for healthy sleep hours. Work life balance is essential, for the women; else, the risk factors may posit a heck of challenges for these women. The women need to maintain a hygiene plan, with the reduction of caffeine intakes, so that they may get healthy sleep. These women are recommended to create a peaceful and restful environment at home, at the time of night so that they may relax themselves, and regulate their sleep hours, with the minimal sleep levels they get.
Author/s: Ms Misbah Amin & Syed Adnan Ali
Pages: 01-08
| 001-001-0018-iijsr.pdf |
Title: The Influence of Training and Development on Employee Performance: An Empirical Evidence From Selected Universities in Kenya
Abstract: The complexity of today’s business environment has imposed continually changing settings in which organizations or institutions compete for survival. As a result, special emphasis is placed on acquiring and retaining quality employees as this is seen as a key factor underpinning organizational success. The purpose of this research was to determine the influence of nonmonetary reward systems on employees’ performance with reference to selected higher learning institution in Kenya. The study employed correlation research design. the target population of the study was 870 employees of the selected universities and a sample size of 274 was determined by using Yamane (1967) formula. The primary data was collected by Structured selfadministered questionnaires and interview schedule. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, frequency and standard deviation) as well as inferential statistics especially correlation and regression analysis. The study revealed that training and development had significant influence on employee performance. The study concludes that non-monetary reward systems especially training and development play important role in the employee performance. Therefore, the study recommends, that the management of Universities should embrace nonmonetary reward systems.
Author/s: Roseline Atieno Aduda, Ofwa Joanes Otieno Wu’Adongo, Michael Nyagol & Ruth Otienoh
Pages: 09-17
Abstract: The complexity of today’s business environment has imposed continually changing settings in which organizations or institutions compete for survival. As a result, special emphasis is placed on acquiring and retaining quality employees as this is seen as a key factor underpinning organizational success. The purpose of this research was to determine the influence of nonmonetary reward systems on employees’ performance with reference to selected higher learning institution in Kenya. The study employed correlation research design. the target population of the study was 870 employees of the selected universities and a sample size of 274 was determined by using Yamane (1967) formula. The primary data was collected by Structured selfadministered questionnaires and interview schedule. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, frequency and standard deviation) as well as inferential statistics especially correlation and regression analysis. The study revealed that training and development had significant influence on employee performance. The study concludes that non-monetary reward systems especially training and development play important role in the employee performance. Therefore, the study recommends, that the management of Universities should embrace nonmonetary reward systems.
Author/s: Roseline Atieno Aduda, Ofwa Joanes Otieno Wu’Adongo, Michael Nyagol & Ruth Otienoh
Pages: 09-17
| 002-001-0018-iijsr.pdf |
Title: Bad Debt before and after Global Crisis in Foreign Exchange Banks of Indonesia
Abstract: The measurement of the banks bad debt is applicable to assess the composite rating of a bank, as the impact of the global crisis toward bad debt of foreign exchange banks. The population of this study was 57 foreign exchange banks. The Hypothesis was tested by using Mann Whitney different test. This study showed that bad debt of foreign exchange banks before, during, and after global crisis did not have significant difference.
Author/s: Suharyono
Pages: 18-23
Abstract: The measurement of the banks bad debt is applicable to assess the composite rating of a bank, as the impact of the global crisis toward bad debt of foreign exchange banks. The population of this study was 57 foreign exchange banks. The Hypothesis was tested by using Mann Whitney different test. This study showed that bad debt of foreign exchange banks before, during, and after global crisis did not have significant difference.
Author/s: Suharyono
Pages: 18-23
| 003-001-0018-iijsr.pdf |
Title: Effect of Buyer-Supplier Relationship on Performance in Kibos Sugar Industry
Abstract: Any organizational initiative, including supply chain management, should ultimately lead to enhanced organizational performance. Organizational performance refers to ability of an enterprise to achieve such objectives as high profit, quality product, large market share, good financial results, and survival at pre-determined time using relevant strategy for action. It is reported that sugar factories have remained uncompetitive with the cost of production being Ksh. 60,600 per ton. The specific objective of this study was to establish effect of buyer-supplier relationship on performance. The study employed correlation survey design. The target population of the study was 74 comprising staff of various departments in the factory and a sample of 62 was used in the study. Both stratified and purposive sampling techniques were applied. The primary data was collected using structured self-administered questionnaire. Reliability and validity tests were carried out at the company. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings indicated that there was significant positive relationship between buyer-supplier relationship and performance with correlation coefficient of 0.427(p<0.05). It is recommended that the management of Kibos Sugar Company to enhance buyer-supplier relationship. It is also hoped that Kibos Sugar factory’ management critically check whether they have succeeded or failed in their supply chain management. Academically, this study is expected to contribute to knowledge expansion in the field of supply chain management.
Author/s: Odero Nancy Akinyi, *Dr. Ofwa Joanes Otieno Wu’Adongo & Dr. John Mark Obura
Pages: 24-27
Abstract: Any organizational initiative, including supply chain management, should ultimately lead to enhanced organizational performance. Organizational performance refers to ability of an enterprise to achieve such objectives as high profit, quality product, large market share, good financial results, and survival at pre-determined time using relevant strategy for action. It is reported that sugar factories have remained uncompetitive with the cost of production being Ksh. 60,600 per ton. The specific objective of this study was to establish effect of buyer-supplier relationship on performance. The study employed correlation survey design. The target population of the study was 74 comprising staff of various departments in the factory and a sample of 62 was used in the study. Both stratified and purposive sampling techniques were applied. The primary data was collected using structured self-administered questionnaire. Reliability and validity tests were carried out at the company. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings indicated that there was significant positive relationship between buyer-supplier relationship and performance with correlation coefficient of 0.427(p<0.05). It is recommended that the management of Kibos Sugar Company to enhance buyer-supplier relationship. It is also hoped that Kibos Sugar factory’ management critically check whether they have succeeded or failed in their supply chain management. Academically, this study is expected to contribute to knowledge expansion in the field of supply chain management.
Author/s: Odero Nancy Akinyi, *Dr. Ofwa Joanes Otieno Wu’Adongo & Dr. John Mark Obura
Pages: 24-27
| 004-001-0018-iijsr.pdf |
Title: Revitalization of Social Capital After Volcanic Eruption of Mount Sinabung in Karo Regency, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Abstract: Revitalization of social capital is a tool or way to strengthen relationship among families and to involve the community in sustainable development. The Mount Sinabung disaster recovery program carried out by the government and non-governmental organizations (NGO) has an important contribution in the social aspects of the victims. This paper uses qualitative and quantitative approach to the community affected by the volcanic eruption. Thepost-disaster social conditions indicate thatsocial rifts and even social jealousy have occured among fellow victims. This resultedfrom the people starting to depend on the aid provided by the government and NGO. Communities also experience changeson social capital in their lives after the disaster, from social norms, beliefs, and social networks among themselves because their environment has changed. Revitalization of social capital is conducted by creating adaptation process among disaster victims through social activities managed by the government and NGO,as an effort to restore the customs, cultures and norms in society.
Author/s: Jhony Binsar Halomoan Sitohang, Badaruddin, Henri Sitorus, Rizabuana Ismail & Ria Manurung
Pages: 28-35
Abstract: Revitalization of social capital is a tool or way to strengthen relationship among families and to involve the community in sustainable development. The Mount Sinabung disaster recovery program carried out by the government and non-governmental organizations (NGO) has an important contribution in the social aspects of the victims. This paper uses qualitative and quantitative approach to the community affected by the volcanic eruption. Thepost-disaster social conditions indicate thatsocial rifts and even social jealousy have occured among fellow victims. This resultedfrom the people starting to depend on the aid provided by the government and NGO. Communities also experience changeson social capital in their lives after the disaster, from social norms, beliefs, and social networks among themselves because their environment has changed. Revitalization of social capital is conducted by creating adaptation process among disaster victims through social activities managed by the government and NGO,as an effort to restore the customs, cultures and norms in society.
Author/s: Jhony Binsar Halomoan Sitohang, Badaruddin, Henri Sitorus, Rizabuana Ismail & Ria Manurung
Pages: 28-35
| 005-001-0018-iijsr.pdf |
